Green networks for sustainable development in African cities : a case study of the Two Rivers Urban Park, Cape Town, South Africa

Abstract

Green spaces have a long history in urban planning at aesthetic and design levels. However, the focus on the two-dimensional elements of green spaces in the urban system for the resolution of urban environmental problems is still limiting and insufficient. Research has shown that ‘green networks’ should not only include urban systems such as physical spaces (e.g. parks, forests, vacant lots) and service infrastructure (e.g. sewage, waste management) but also the broader natural and biophysical processes that constitute ecosystems (including water, plant, wildlife, climate and other natural systems in localities). This study addresses the concept of “green networks” which translates an interconnected web of urban systems and biological systems aimed at enhancing urban sustainability while improving the environment for people. Based on a single case study approach, the research was carried out to determine how green networks of cities can improve urban sustainability through the process of emulating natural systems. Data was collected through both secondary and primary sources. The primary data sources involved key informants for the case study, and the secondary data covered different sources and technical documents. A secondary form of data inquiry (on going literature review) provided support to explore the area of the research problem. The findings indicate the importance of a paradigm shift in human-nature relationships. It is recommended to explore more solutions, for example mimicking how natural systems cope with environmental extremes could stimulate socio-ecological harmony and promote biodiversity conservation through sustainable urban growth. More efforts are needed to ensure that sustainable development approaches are consolidated and promoted in Africa and around the world. It has been concluded that services provided by nature are essential for human life. Further research is needed to investigate on potential economic gains from solutions inspired by nature and how these gains can translate into benefits for the well-being of all.