Lived experiences of diagnostic radiographers working in the public health sector in Eswatini

Abstract

Introduction: A radiographer is responsible for producing diagnostic images of a patient to assist radiologists and physicians in diagnosing patient conditions. The extent of a radiographer’s duty requires the independent performance of highly complex diagnostic procedures, an extensive theoretical background and clinical training and be adept at using various imaging modalities. A lack of radiologists in most African countries, coupled with an increasing number of patients requiring radiology services, has put a strain on the radiographer’s role and led to expansion of work scope. Radiographers must be able to practice in synchronisation with current legislations governing the use of ionising radiation for medical purposes. A lack of professional recognition, stagnation within the profession and poor salaries are the main experiences that encumber a positive radiographic experience. The introduction of a self-directed environment and improvement in the profession can enable a positive experience by allowing radiographers to practice independently and benefit from respect for the profession Background: The phenomenon of organisational management of the radiography profession is poorly understood in the public health sector of Eswatini. Medical imaging personnel duties and daily experiences are misperceived by seniors. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore and describe the lived experiences of diagnostic radiographers working in the public health sector in Eswatini. Moreover, the study intended to develop guidelines to support radiographers during practice. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and phenomenological design was utilised. Participants were purposively sampled within the public health sector. Diagnostic radiographers participated voluntarily and willingly consented to participate in focus group interviews (n=18). Results: Four main themes emerged, with 16 contributing categories. The overall sense was that Eswatini diagnostic radiographers have challenging work experiences and endure feelings of demotivation, council constraints and a lack of professional autonomy. However, their pride in being radiographers was well articulated Conclusions: The findings of this study provide new insights into what Eswatini radiographers are experiencing in the public health sector, which enabled the identification of future research and performance gaps relevant to radiography within Eswatini. Study results revealed that radiographers are faced with a challenging work environment where there are constraints in both human (radiographers and radiologists) and material resources (consumables). Furthermore, there is a lack of guiding documents such as SOPs, policies, guidelines and standards. The development of guidelines in this study would support the radiography professionals whilst endeavouring to meet other international or regional requirements.