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In vitro prediction of inherent cellular radiosensitivity
Author(s)
Smit, Kathleen Ann
Date Issued
2005
Type
Thesis
Publisher
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
Abstract
The principal objective in irradiating tumours is to permanently inhibit their
reproductive ability. More than half of all malignancies are primarily treated
with radiation but tumours of different histologies differ greatly in response to
radiotherapy as well as individual patients displaying great variability in
response to treatment. The need for reliable assays predicting tumour and
normal tissue response to radiation is therefore a prime objective of clinical
oncology. The requirement of such a test would be that it would relate to
clinical outcome Le. the possibility of recurrence of disease or of tumour
control as well as indicating whether the treatment should be administered
more aggressively or not. These are important factors that, if known, could be
used as part of the treatment planning in radiotherapy and selection of best
therapy modality.
The colony forming c1onogenic assay has been shown to be a reliable
reflection of a cells ability to maintain reproductive integrity after radiation
exposure. In this study it has successfully been used to demonstrate the
surviving fraction of cells but has the limitation of cells needing to process the
ability to form colonies. Cells from primary tumours do not readily form
colonies and may display poor anchorage making this assessment of
radiosensitivity in the clinic less desirable. These data are presented together
with unpublished data obtained using the micronucleus assay. Micronuclei
frequency (MNF) varies in different cell types with test doses and provides a
means to rank the cell in terms of response to radiation. In normal cells a
linear inverse correlation exits between MNF and cell survival. However, MNF
does not rank malignant cells according to their intrinsic survival to radiation
displaying a weak correlation between MNF and cell survival.
reproductive ability. More than half of all malignancies are primarily treated
with radiation but tumours of different histologies differ greatly in response to
radiotherapy as well as individual patients displaying great variability in
response to treatment. The need for reliable assays predicting tumour and
normal tissue response to radiation is therefore a prime objective of clinical
oncology. The requirement of such a test would be that it would relate to
clinical outcome Le. the possibility of recurrence of disease or of tumour
control as well as indicating whether the treatment should be administered
more aggressively or not. These are important factors that, if known, could be
used as part of the treatment planning in radiotherapy and selection of best
therapy modality.
The colony forming c1onogenic assay has been shown to be a reliable
reflection of a cells ability to maintain reproductive integrity after radiation
exposure. In this study it has successfully been used to demonstrate the
surviving fraction of cells but has the limitation of cells needing to process the
ability to form colonies. Cells from primary tumours do not readily form
colonies and may display poor anchorage making this assessment of
radiosensitivity in the clinic less desirable. These data are presented together
with unpublished data obtained using the micronucleus assay. Micronuclei
frequency (MNF) varies in different cell types with test doses and provides a
means to rank the cell in terms of response to radiation. In normal cells a
linear inverse correlation exits between MNF and cell survival. However, MNF
does not rank malignant cells according to their intrinsic survival to radiation
displaying a weak correlation between MNF and cell survival.
Additional information
Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005
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