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Electrical energy management and its impact in sub-Saharan Africa
Author(s)
Mohamed, Afua Khalfan
Date Issued
2011
Type
Thesis
Publisher
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
Abstract
Electrical energy is an important resource for human and economic development. On
the demand side, electrical energy management is needed because of the tendency
of manufacturing industries to consume large amount of energy and as a result lead
them to spend more money in paying bills for the consumed electrical energy. In
addition, the amount of electrical energy generated in Sub-Saharan Africa is
incomparable with demand requirements. The predominant sources of electrical
energy generation are fossil fuels and hydro. Generation of electricity by fossil fuel
needs high capital investments and high running costs. Concurrently, the process of
burning fossil fuels has an adverse effect on the environment. In order to minimize
these effects, electrical energy management in manufacturing industries has to be
instituted and implemented.
In this research, a study has been undertaken to develop methods and strategies to
be used as tools for electrical energy management in manufacturing industries and it
is aimed at reducing electrical energy consumption. The research method
adopted/used includes: survey of several cement industries in order to obtain current
and historical electrical energy consumption, production data and to be acquainted
with the methods used for energy management, measurement of electrical
parameters, investigation of the use of electrical power in cement industries, analysis
of power factor and power factor correction methods, analysis of energy efficiency
potentials and technology used for energy saving. From the data gathered, the following were developed: strategies for the overall
electrical energy management for cement plant, strategies for energy efficiency
potential and technology used for energy saving, an algorithm for assessing the
potential options of DSM, an algorithm for performing industrial load scheduling, an
industrial energy consumption model using regression analysis technique and a
Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for industrial power factor
improvement. Also, a numerical analysis and computer simulation using MATLAB/Simulink were implemented. Moreover PSIM and Excel software were used
in the developed energy consumption model and for the power factor improvement
method.
Numerical analysis and computer simulation showed that the developed STATCOM
has the capability of improving and varying of power factor in accordance with the
variation of plant loads, it improves power factor and reduces harmonics of the
respective industries. Using the developed algorithm for assessing potentials of DSM
options, it was found that, most of the energy management techniques used in
manufacturing industries worldwide are not implemented in the visited industries. The developed methods and strategies can be used in improving power factor,
prediction of electrical energy consumption and also for development of energy
consumption benchmarking in cement industries. They can be also extended and
used in mining and other manufacturing industries such as paper, textiles and this
can create condition for sustainable energy management program in manufacturing
industries.
the demand side, electrical energy management is needed because of the tendency
of manufacturing industries to consume large amount of energy and as a result lead
them to spend more money in paying bills for the consumed electrical energy. In
addition, the amount of electrical energy generated in Sub-Saharan Africa is
incomparable with demand requirements. The predominant sources of electrical
energy generation are fossil fuels and hydro. Generation of electricity by fossil fuel
needs high capital investments and high running costs. Concurrently, the process of
burning fossil fuels has an adverse effect on the environment. In order to minimize
these effects, electrical energy management in manufacturing industries has to be
instituted and implemented.
In this research, a study has been undertaken to develop methods and strategies to
be used as tools for electrical energy management in manufacturing industries and it
is aimed at reducing electrical energy consumption. The research method
adopted/used includes: survey of several cement industries in order to obtain current
and historical electrical energy consumption, production data and to be acquainted
with the methods used for energy management, measurement of electrical
parameters, investigation of the use of electrical power in cement industries, analysis
of power factor and power factor correction methods, analysis of energy efficiency
potentials and technology used for energy saving. From the data gathered, the following were developed: strategies for the overall
electrical energy management for cement plant, strategies for energy efficiency
potential and technology used for energy saving, an algorithm for assessing the
potential options of DSM, an algorithm for performing industrial load scheduling, an
industrial energy consumption model using regression analysis technique and a
Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for industrial power factor
improvement. Also, a numerical analysis and computer simulation using MATLAB/Simulink were implemented. Moreover PSIM and Excel software were used
in the developed energy consumption model and for the power factor improvement
method.
Numerical analysis and computer simulation showed that the developed STATCOM
has the capability of improving and varying of power factor in accordance with the
variation of plant loads, it improves power factor and reduces harmonics of the
respective industries. Using the developed algorithm for assessing potentials of DSM
options, it was found that, most of the energy management techniques used in
manufacturing industries worldwide are not implemented in the visited industries. The developed methods and strategies can be used in improving power factor,
prediction of electrical energy consumption and also for development of energy
consumption benchmarking in cement industries. They can be also extended and
used in mining and other manufacturing industries such as paper, textiles and this
can create condition for sustainable energy management program in manufacturing
industries.
Additional information
Thesis (DTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.
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