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The evaluation of the effectiveness of selected antimicrobial plant extracts coating on textiles
Author(s)
Nortjie, Elvino
Date Issued
2023
Type
Thesis
Publisher
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
Abstract
Antimicrobial textile development has increased due to microbial growth which is a global
health threat facing humanity. Microbial growth can be inhibited by employing an antimicrobial
agent or coating application to prevent and treat infections from humans to plants. This study
aims to provide information on the effectiveness of the selected plant extracts from South
African biomass (Eucalyptus globulus and Artemisia afra) coated on textiles for application as
biomedical textiles. The extracts were prepared by pulsed ultrasound-assisted solvent
extraction method. A simple immersion method was used to coat the polyester and cotton
fabrics. The extracts have also been analysed for their yields, antimicrobial activity,
phytochemical analysis (phytochemical screening) minimum inhibitory concentration, zone of
inhibition and washing durability. The methanolic extractions show the highest yields compared
to the hexanoic Artemisia afra and Eucalyptus globulus extractions.
Phytochemical screening of Artemisia afra and Eucalyptus globulus crude leaf extract was
determined. The results showed that all extracts contain the bioactive compounds phenolic
compounds, quinones, and sterols.
The Eucalyptus globulus hexanoic extracts showed the highest antibacterial activity which has
high inhibition zones against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus ATCC 33591 followed by the
methanolic Eucalyptus globulus extract. Artemisia afra methanol extracts showed higher
antibacterial activity than that of the hexanoic extract against S. aureus ATCC 33591. The
methanol extracts had higher inhibition zones against Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
Among the crude extracts, the highest zone of inhibition (258.4 mm2) was recorded against S.
aureus ATCC 33591 when the E. globulus methanolic extract was applied to the cotton fabric.
On the other hand, the lowest inhibition was exhibited on the E. globulus methanolic extract
coated on polyester fabric (65.97 mm2). Bioactivity was only detected against the S. aureus
strain. MIC values of the different extracts showed varied results. The MIC for the samples
tested is therefore all >500 !g/ml. The MIC values obtained from antimicrobial tests ranged
from 5-500 μg/ml (Table 5). The results showed that the bacterial strain S. aureus
ATCC33591 was the most sensitive to A. afra methanol extract with a MIC value of 5 μg/ml to
25 μg/ml.
Furthermore, the inhibition zone was determined after laundering and no activity was found in
the samples. This might be due to the preparation of fabric, inactivation of active compounds
during the treatment/preparation of the material samples, or improper binding of the active
compounds to the textile material.
health threat facing humanity. Microbial growth can be inhibited by employing an antimicrobial
agent or coating application to prevent and treat infections from humans to plants. This study
aims to provide information on the effectiveness of the selected plant extracts from South
African biomass (Eucalyptus globulus and Artemisia afra) coated on textiles for application as
biomedical textiles. The extracts were prepared by pulsed ultrasound-assisted solvent
extraction method. A simple immersion method was used to coat the polyester and cotton
fabrics. The extracts have also been analysed for their yields, antimicrobial activity,
phytochemical analysis (phytochemical screening) minimum inhibitory concentration, zone of
inhibition and washing durability. The methanolic extractions show the highest yields compared
to the hexanoic Artemisia afra and Eucalyptus globulus extractions.
Phytochemical screening of Artemisia afra and Eucalyptus globulus crude leaf extract was
determined. The results showed that all extracts contain the bioactive compounds phenolic
compounds, quinones, and sterols.
The Eucalyptus globulus hexanoic extracts showed the highest antibacterial activity which has
high inhibition zones against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus ATCC 33591 followed by the
methanolic Eucalyptus globulus extract. Artemisia afra methanol extracts showed higher
antibacterial activity than that of the hexanoic extract against S. aureus ATCC 33591. The
methanol extracts had higher inhibition zones against Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
Among the crude extracts, the highest zone of inhibition (258.4 mm2) was recorded against S.
aureus ATCC 33591 when the E. globulus methanolic extract was applied to the cotton fabric.
On the other hand, the lowest inhibition was exhibited on the E. globulus methanolic extract
coated on polyester fabric (65.97 mm2). Bioactivity was only detected against the S. aureus
strain. MIC values of the different extracts showed varied results. The MIC for the samples
tested is therefore all >500 !g/ml. The MIC values obtained from antimicrobial tests ranged
from 5-500 μg/ml (Table 5). The results showed that the bacterial strain S. aureus
ATCC33591 was the most sensitive to A. afra methanol extract with a MIC value of 5 μg/ml to
25 μg/ml.
Furthermore, the inhibition zone was determined after laundering and no activity was found in
the samples. This might be due to the preparation of fabric, inactivation of active compounds
during the treatment/preparation of the material samples, or improper binding of the active
compounds to the textile material.
Additional information
Thesis (MEng (Chemical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2023
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